Learn the process for applying for Italian citizenship while living in a non-EU country, including eligibility, documents, and consulate submission.
If you live in a non-EU country, you can still apply for Italian citizenship through several pathways, including citizenship by descent, marriage, or naturalization. The process involves applying through the Italian consulate in your country of residence. Here’s a step-by-step guide:
1. Determine Your Eligibility:
Before starting the application process, ensure you meet the eligibility requirements for one of the following pathways:
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Citizenship by Descent (Jure Sanguinis):
If you have Italian ancestry and can prove an unbroken lineage to an Italian ancestor. -
Citizenship by Marriage:
If you are married to an Italian citizen and meet the required marriage duration (3 years if abroad, reduced to 1.5 years if you have children). -
Citizenship by Naturalization:
If you have lived in Italy previously for the required period (10 years for most, reduced for certain cases such as refugees or EU citizens).
2. Gather Required Documents:
The documents you need will vary depending on your eligibility pathway. Typical documents include:
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For Citizenship by Descent:
- Birth certificates of yourself, your ancestor, and all descendants in your lineage.
- Marriage certificates for all generations.
- Death certificates of deceased ancestors.
- Proof of your ancestor’s non-naturalization or naturalization records.
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For Citizenship by Marriage:
- Your marriage certificate registered in Italy.
- Proof of B1-level Italian language proficiency.
- Criminal record certificates from your country of residence and any other countries where you’ve lived.
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For Citizenship by Naturalization:
- Proof of your residency period in Italy.
- Income tax returns or proof of financial stability.
- Valid residence permits during your time in Italy.
Document Translation and Legalization:
All documents issued in a non-EU country must be translated into Italian and legalized with an apostille (or legalized by the Italian consulate if your country is not part of the Hague Apostille Convention).
3. Submit Your Application at the Italian Consulate:
- Schedule an appointment with the Italian consulate that has jurisdiction over your area.
- Submit your completed application along with the required documents and applicable fees.
4. Application Processing and Follow-Up:
- Citizenship by Descent: Processing times vary, ranging from 6 months to several years, depending on the consulate's workload.
- Citizenship by Marriage: The process typically takes 2 to 4 years.
- Naturalization Applications: If you have previously resided in Italy, the application can take up to 4 years.
5. Key Considerations:
- Monitor Your Application: Keep in contact with the consulate to check the status of your application.
- Prepare for Delays: Processing times can be lengthy, especially for consulates with high demand.
- Dual Citizenship: Ensure your home country allows dual citizenship to retain your original nationality.
6. Conclusion:
Applying for Italian citizenship from a non-EU country involves determining eligibility, gathering documents, and submitting your application through the Italian consulate. Be prepared for a detailed process and ensure all your documents are complete, translated, and authenticated to avoid delays.