Can I get Italian citizenship if my Italian ancestor was born before 1861?

Yes, you can get Italian citizenship if your ancestor was born before 1861, provided they became an Italian citizen after Italy's unification.

Yes, you can obtain Italian citizenship even if your Italian ancestor was born before 1861, but there are specific conditions that must be met. The year 1861 is significant because it marks the unification of Italy, when the concept of Italian citizenship was established. Here’s how ancestry before 1861 affects your eligibility for Italian citizenship by descent:

1. Significance of 1861 and Italian Citizenship:
Before 1861, the Italian peninsula was divided into separate states and kingdoms, such as the Kingdom of Sardinia, the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, and others. Citizenship in these states did not equate to Italian citizenship, as Italy did not yet exist as a unified country.

  • Unification of Italy:
    Italian citizenship was established on March 17, 1861, with the proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy. Individuals who were citizens of these pre-unification states and continued to reside in Italy automatically became Italian citizens after unification.

2. Eligibility Through Ancestors Born Before 1861:
If your Italian ancestor was born before 1861, they may still qualify as your link to Italian citizenship if they meet the following criteria:

  • They Were Alive After 1861:
    Your ancestor must have been alive when Italy unified in 1861 and must have become an Italian citizen under the laws of the new Italian state.

  • They Did Not Renounce Citizenship:
    Your ancestor must not have renounced their Italian citizenship before passing it to the next generation. This includes not acquiring citizenship of another country before their child’s birth.

  • Proof of Citizenship Status:
    You must provide documentation showing that your ancestor was considered an Italian citizen after 1861.

3. Required Documentation for Pre-1861 Ancestors:
Proving your eligibility through an ancestor born before 1861 requires additional documentation to establish their transition to Italian citizenship. These documents may include:

  • Birth Certificate:
    The birth certificate of your ancestor, issued by the state or kingdom where they were born before unification.

  • Post-Unification Records:
    Documents proving that your ancestor lived in Italy after 1861 and was recognized as an Italian citizen. This may include census records, property records, or military service records.

  • Naturalization Records (if applicable):
    If your ancestor emigrated from Italy, you must provide records showing their naturalization status in their new country. If they never naturalized, a Certificate of Non-Naturalization will be required.

4. Challenges for Pre-1861 Cases:
Proving eligibility through an ancestor born before 1861 can be more complex due to the lack of standardized records and the need to connect pre-unification documentation to post-unification citizenship status. Working with an expert in Italian genealogy or legal professionals may be helpful.

5. Application Process:
Once you have gathered the necessary documentation, you can apply for Italian citizenship by descent at the Italian consulate in your country of residence or directly in Italy. Be prepared for additional scrutiny of your documents due to the historical nature of your claim.

6. Conclusion:
Yes, you can obtain Italian citizenship if your ancestor was born before 1861, provided they became an Italian citizen after unification and passed down their citizenship without interruption. Proving your eligibility may require additional effort to connect pre- and post-1861 records, but with the right documentation, you can establish your claim and successfully apply for Italian citizenship.